What Is Underground Storage Tank？

Underground storage tanks (USTs) play a crucial role in various industries, including petroleum, chemical, and agricultural sectors. These storage tanks are designed to store liquids, such as fuel, chemicals, and water, beneath the ground. Understanding the intricacies of underground storage tanks is essential for ensuring environmental safety and regulatory compliance.

Types of Underground Storage Tanks

Single-Walled Tanks

Single-walled storage tanks are the most basic type of USTs. They consist of a single layer of material, usually steel or fiberglass, that holds the stored liquid. While they are cost-effective, they pose a higher risk of leaks and environmental contamination.

Double-Walled Tanks

Double-walled storage tanks offer an additional layer of protection. These tanks have an inner and outer wall, with a space in between that can detect leaks. This design significantly reduces the risk of environmental contamination and is often required by regulatory agencies.

Glass Fused Steel Tanks

Glass fused steel tanks are a specialized type of storage tank that combines the strength of steel with the corrosion resistance of glass. These tanks are highly durable and are often used in industries where the stored liquid is highly corrosive or reactive.

Components of Underground Storage Tanks

Tank Shell

The tank shell is the primary structure of the storage tank. It is designed to withstand the pressure and weight of the stored liquid. Materials commonly used for tank shells include steel, fiberglass, and glass fused steel.

Piping System

The piping system connects the storage tank to the dispensing or processing equipment. It includes fill pipes, vent pipes, and suction pipes. Proper installation and maintenance of the piping system are crucial to prevent leaks and ensure efficient operation.

Leak Detection Systems

Leak detection systems are essential for monitoring the integrity of underground storage tanks. These systems can include sensors, alarms, and monitoring wells. Early detection of leaks helps prevent environmental contamination and costly cleanups.

Regulations and Compliance

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Standards

The EPA sets stringent standards for the installation, operation, and maintenance of underground storage tanks. These regulations aim to protect the environment and public health by preventing leaks and spills. Compliance with EPA standards is mandatory for all UST operators.

State and Local Regulations

In addition to federal regulations, state and local governments may have their own requirements for underground storage tanks. These regulations can vary widely, so it is essential for UST operators to be familiar with the specific rules in their area.

Maintenance and Inspection

Regular Inspections

Regular inspections are crucial for ensuring the integrity and safety of underground storage tanks. Inspections should include checking for signs of corrosion, leaks, and structural damage. Any issues should be addressed promptly to prevent environmental contamination.

Preventive Maintenance

Preventive maintenance involves routine tasks such as cleaning, painting, and replacing worn components. This proactive approach helps extend the lifespan of storage tanks and reduces the risk of leaks and failures.

Conclusion

Underground storage tanks are vital for storing various liquids safely and efficiently. Understanding the different types of storage tanks, their components, and the regulations governing their use is essential for ensuring environmental safety and compliance. Regular maintenance and inspections are crucial for preventing leaks and extending the lifespan of these tanks. By following best practices and adhering to regulatory standards, operators can ensure the safe and efficient operation of underground storage tanks.